Présentation d’un poster sur les stries de découpe observées sur un humérus d’aigle royal (Aquila chrysaetos) du Lazaret à l’occasion de la 65ème reunion annuelle de la “Hugo Obermaier Society for Quaternary Research and Archaeology of the Stone Age e.V” (Weimar, 2-6 avril 2024) :
Anna Rufà(1,2), Ruth Blasco (3,4), Jessica Cohen(5) & Emmanuel Desclaux(5,6)
(1) ICArEHB – Interdsciplinay Center for Archaeology and the Evolution of Human Behaviour, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
(2) PACEA UMR 5199, Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, MCC, 33600 Pessac, France
(3) Institut Català de Paleoecologia Humana i Evolució Social (IPHES-CERCA), Zona Educacional 4, Campus Sescelades URV (Edifici W3) 43007 Tarragona, Spain
(4) Departament d’Història i Història de l’Art, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Catalunya 35, 43002 Tarragona, Spain
(5) Laboratoire de Préhistoire du Lazaret, Départemennt des Alpes-Maritimes, 33 bis blvd Franck Pilatte, 06300 Nice, France
(6) CEPAM – UMR 7264 CNRS – UCA, 24 Avenue des Diables Bleues, 06300, Nice, France
Birds of prey use by paleolithic hunter-gatherers: new insights from Lazaret Cave
Recent studies have shown that the use of birds by Paleolithic hunter-gatherers is an ancient phenomenon, with some archaeological evidence dating back to the Middle Pleistocene in southern Europe (Blasco et al. 2022). The use of raptors during the Middle Palaeolithic has been a subject of considerable discussion, with growing archaeological evidence suggesting that birds of prey held human interest. This evidence extends beyond mere food acquisition and may involve the utilization of secondary products, such as talons, feathers, bones, or tendons. This aspect has also been linked to utilitarian purposes, as well as other cultural, aesthetic, and/or symbolic expressions of Neanderthal behaviour (see Morin and Laroulandie, 2012; Gómez- Olivencia, 2018, and references therein).
The presence of cut marks on raptor bones, particularly on wing and leg bone elements, has been extensively documented (see, for example, Gómez-Olivencia et al. 2018). However, discerning the activities that caused these striae remains challenging, especially in cases where both the removal of feathers and the obtaining of meat could have occurred, as is the case for bones such as the humerus. The humerus, despite having attached packages of meat content, also features the first large wing feathers. The removal of these feathers can leave significant traces on the bones.
In this context, the Lazaret cave has recently provided new data that could contribute to the discussion on this topic. During the first zooarchaeological approach to the avifauna assemblage of the site, numerous bones belonging to birds of prey from different stratigraphic units were identified. These raptor bones were analyzed from a taphonomic perspective to document and describe the observed modifications (Fernández-Jalvo and Andrews, 2016). Notably, in the Archaeological Unit 22 (MIS 6), a humerus bone from a golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) exhibited anthropogenic damage in the form of cut marks. This study delves into the activities that could have produced these cut marks and compares them with the existing archaeological record.
Fig. 1 : détail des stries observées sur l’extrémité distale de l’humérus d’aigle royal (Aquila chrysaetos) de l’UA 22 de la grotte du Lazaret
The poster is avalaible there : https://www.researchgate.net/publication/379656212_Birds_of_prey_use_by_paleolithic_hunter-gatherers_new_insights_from_Lazaret_Cave
References:
Blasco, R., Cochard, D., Colonese, A.C., Laroulandie, V., Meier, J., Morin, E., Rufà, A., Tassoni, L.,Thompson, J.C., 2022: “Chapter 8: Small animal use by Neanderthals”, In: S. Benazzi, F. Rivals, F. Romagnoli, Updating Neanderthals, Elsevier Academic Press, pp. 123-143.
Fernandez-Jalvo, Y., & Andrews, P., 2016. Atlas of Taphonomic Identifications. Dordrecht, DE: Springer, doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-7432-1.
Gómez-Olivencia, A., Sala, N., Núñez-Lahuerta, C., Sanchis, A., Arlegi, M., Rios-Garaizar, J., 2018. First data of Neandertal bird and carnivore exploitation in the Cantabrian Region (Axlor; Barandiaran excavations; Dima, Biscay, Northern Iberian Peninsula). Sci. Rep. 8, 1–14.
Morin, E., Laroulandie, V., 2012. Presumed symbolic use of diurnal raptors by Neanderthals. PLoS ONE, 7(3), 1–5.
Peresani, M., Fiore, I., Gala, M., Romandini, M., Tagliacozzo, A., 2011. Late Neandertals and the intentional removal of feathers as evidenced from bird bone taphonomy at Fumane Cave 44 ky B.P., Italy. P.N.A.S. 108, 3888–3893.